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Abstract. In cultivated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Lukullus) cells, two ribonucleases (EC 3.1.27.1), extracellular RNase LE and intracellular RNase LX, are induced in response to orthophosphate (Pi) depletion of the cultivation medium. To study the effect of intracellular Pi-pools on the induction process, phosphate-supplied cells were incubated with D-mannose and other metabolites...
Abstract. Two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, one aluminium tolerant (Atlas 66) and one sensitive (Scout 66), were grown in a continuous-flow culture system (pH5.0) containing aluminium (0100M) and silicon (02000M) in factorial combination. Treatment with silicon resulted in a highly significant amelioration of aluminium toxicity as assessed by root growth in both cultivars. Amelioration was...
Abstract. Two homologous but different cDNAs encoding a 97-kDa and a 70-kDa protein from Brassica napus L. seedlings have been characterized. Both proteins contain sequence motifs with high homology to the IgA binding lectin, jacalin, and the deduced 97-kDa protein contains the peptide sequences of myrosinase-binding proteins. The 70-kDa and the 97-kDa protein can both be isolated as a complex containing...
Abstract. The large subunit (LSU) of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco; EC 4.1.1.39) is degraded into an N-terminal side fragment of 37kDa and a C-terminal side fragment of 16kDa by the hydroxyl radical in the lysates of chloroplasts in light (H. Ishida et al. 1997, Plant Cell Physiol 38: 471479). In the present study, we demonstrate that this fragmentation of the LSU also occurs...
Abstract.The mRNA and protein for NADH-dependent glutamate synthase (NADH-GOGAT; EC 1.4.1.14) in root tips of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Sasanishiki) plants increases dramatically within 12h of supplying alow concentration (0.05mM) of ammonium ions (T.Yamaya et al., 1995, Plant Cell Physiol 36: 11971204). To identify the specific cells which are responsible for this rapid increase, the cellular localization...
Abstract. Lanatoside 15-O-acetylesterase (LAE) from in-vitro-cultivated cells of Digitalis lanata Ehrh. was isolated and partially sequenced. The enzyme was extracted with citrate buffer from acetone dry powder. It was purified in a two-step chromatographical procedure including Phenyl Sepharose hydrophobic interaction chromatography followed by CM Sepharose cation-exchange chromatography to more...
Abstract. The yeast SKP1 gene and its human homolog p19skp1 encode a kinetochore protein required for cell cycle progression at both the DNA synthesis and mitosis phases of the cell cycle. In orchids we identified a cDNA (O108) that is expressed in early stages of ovule development and is homologous to the yeast SKP1. Based on the orchid O108 cDNA clone, we identified and characterized an Arabidopsis...
Abstract. Mature leaves of dwarf elder (Sambucus ebulus L.) contain the non-toxic type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein ebulin 1 (Girbs et al., 1993b, J. Biol. Chem. 268: 1819518199). We have now found that the green fruits of dwarf elder contain both free and polymerized forms of ebulin (ebulin f) and a new homo-dimeric D-galactose-binding lectin (SELfd). Polymerized material containing ebulin and...
Abstract. The vacuolar membrane (tonoplast) of plant cells contains aquaporins, protein channels that facilitate the selective transport of water. These tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs) of 2329 kDa belong to the ancient major intrinsic protein (MIP) family. A monospecific polyclonal antiserum directed against a 26 kDa intrinsic protein from the tonoplast of meristematic cells from cauliflower (Brassica...
Abstract. An antiserum raised against the purified 33-kDa -1,3-glucanase of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was employed to investigate the ultrastructural localization of the enzyme in wheat leaves infected with Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm. f.sp. tritici Eriks. and Henn. using a post-embedding immunogold labelling technique. In both compatible and incompatible interactions, -1,3-glucanase was detected...
Abstract. Several plasma-membrane proteins from beet root (Beta vulgaris L.) have been functionally incorporated into reconstituted proteoliposomes. These showed H+-ATPase activity, measured both as ATP hydrolysis and H+ transport. The proton-transport specific activity was 10 times higher than in plasma membranes, and was greatly stimulated by potassium and valinomycin. These proteoliposomes also...
Abstract. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants were transformed with an antisense construct of the chloroplast triose phosphate/phosphate translocator (TPT). Three transformant lines of the T4 progeny, which showed a large decrease in the transcript level of the TPT were used for further biochemical and physiological characterisation. In all antisense lines tested, TPT transport activity was diminished...
Abstract. Physiological and morphological characteristics related to the CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM) were examined in several species of the free-living, unicellular volvocalean genus Chloromonas (Chlorophyta), which differs morphologically from the genus Chlamydomonas only by lacking pyrenoids. The absence of pyrenoids in the chloroplasts of Chloromonas (Cr.) rosae UTEX 1337, Cr. serbinowii...
Abstract. The gibberellin (GA) economy of young pea (Pisum sativum L.) fruits was investigated using a range of mutants with altered GA biosynthesis or deactivation. The synthesis mutation lh-2 substantially reduced the content of both GA4 and GA1 in young seeds. Among the other synthesis mutations, ls-1, le-1 and le-3, the largest reduction in seed GA1 content was only 1.7-fold (le-1), while GA4...
Abstract. The plant vacuole has long been suspected of being a site for accumulation of Ni in plant roots, but testing this hypothesis directly by vacuole isolation is technically difficult and has not been reported. Here, we have attempted to determine if Ni can be transported into isolated oat (Avena sativa L.) root tonoplast vesicles as an alternative approach toward understanding the importance...
Abstract. The green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Dangeard CW-15 exhibited very low rates of plasma-membrane Fe(III) reductase activity when grown under Fe-sufficient conditions. After switching the medium to an Fe-free formulation, both ferricyanide reductase and ferric chelate reductase activities rapidly increased, reaching a maximum after 3 d under iron-free conditions. Both of the Fe(III) reductase...
Abstract. We investigated the senescence process in two nonnetted muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.)varietiesClipper and Jerac differing in their storage life. Our results indicate that senescence in Jerac (the short-storage-life variety, less than 7d) is the result of lipid peroxidation by free radicals, membrane phospholipid breakdown, and a drop in the level of antioxidants, resulting in increased membrane...
Abstract. Cellular events which occur prior to cell collapse were examined in the root cortex of rice (Oryza sativa L.) during aerenchyma formation. Cell collapse started at a specific position in the mid cortex. These cells were distinct in shape from those located towards the periphery. Furthermore, cell collapse was preceded by acidification and the loss of plasma-membrane integrity in cells of...
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